Coffea liberica

W.Bull ex Hiern (1876)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Rubiaceae Genus: Coffea

liberian coffee

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Small trees or large shrubs, 6–15 m tall.

Stems: Branches flattened to weakly angled, often rather stout, glabrous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades elliptic to obovate or obovate-elliptic, 14-38 × 5.5-12(-20.5) cm. Apex obtuse to shortly acuminate with tip 4-10 mm. Base cuneate to obtuse. Surfaces glabrous, drying thinly leathery to stiffly papery. Margins flat entire. Secondary veins 7-10(-13) pairs, without domatia or with glabrous to pilosulous foveolate domatia. Petioles 8-20 mm, often rather stout, glabrous. Stipules broadly triangular, 2-4.5 mm, obtuse to acute but not aristate.

Flowers: Inflorescences with cymes 1-3 per axil, each cyme fasciculate to subcapitate, 2-10-flowered, subsessile; bracts cupuliform, 1-3 mm; pedicels to 1 mm. Flowers perfect. Calyx glabrous; ovary portion ellipsoid-cylindrical, 1.5-3.5 mm; limb reduced or glandular-denticulate, to 0.2 mm. Corolla white, funnelform, outside glabrous; tube 4-13 mm; lobes 6-8, spatulate to lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 8-16 mm, obtuse to rounded. Stamens 4-8, inserted in corolla throat, exserted; filaments absent or short; anthers dorsifixed near base. Ovary inferior, 2-celled; ovules 1 in each cell, attached at middle of septum; stigma 2-lobed, exserted.

Fruit: Drupes red; ellipsoid; 19-21 × 15-17 mm; smooth when dry; glabrous. Seeds longitudinally grooved on ventral face.

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Only found in cultivation
O'ahu Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Birds

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1(4): 171 (-172; t. 24) (1876)

Other References

Staples et al. 2002:14 (NEWNAT/O, DESCR); Staples & Herbst 2005:487 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Coffea liberica [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; O`ahu; Hawai`i; Honolulu] Preserved_Specimen Arborescent habit, 5 m. tall. white and fragrant flowers. Red fruit. Brown, F.B.H. 1296 Oahu BISH
2 Coffea liberica West branch valley at pali in Waianae Valley near Kole Kole Pass Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9413 Oahu BISH 1931-04-26
3 Coffea liberica Kualoa Preserved_Specimen Shrub. 3 1/2m. In fruit-red. Judd, H.F. 270 Oahu BISH 1926-01-15
4 Coffea liberica Lawai Valley. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden Found in Bamboo bridge area. Preserved_Specimen Small tree of 12ft. Leaves dark, semi-glossy green above, paler below. Flowers white, very fragrant. Flynn, T.W. 2177 Kauai BISH 1987-04-20
5 Coffea liberica [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; O`ahu; Hawai`i; Honolulu] Preserved_Specimen Large-leaved tree; hard red berry. Flowers double, white, fragrant. Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1941-06-12
6 Coffea liberica Maunawili Ranch. T. Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Urata, R. 9414 Oahu BISH 1932-04-13
7 Coffea liberica Alewa Hts. trail Preserved_Specimen Kerr, M. Oahu BISH 1945-08-16
8 Coffea liberica Lihue, T. Hawaii Grown in garden. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9416 Kauai BISH 1926-07-06
9 Coffea liberica Koolau Mountains, Kapalama heights. ~UTM 620180, 2361050. Mesic secondary forest. Preserved_Specimen Frohlich, D. 2013101601 Oahu BISH 2013-10-16
10 Coffea liberica Koolau Mts, Manoa Valley, Lyon Arboretum, Aihualama Old plantings on ridge, numerous seedling falling down bank next to trail. Associates; Costas, Coffea arabica, Christella parasitica, Elaeocarpus angustifolius. Preserved_Specimen Mature trees up to 15 m. Fruit ripening yellow then red. Plant appears unaffected by coffee rust despite adjacent Coffea arabica being infected. Leaves up to 40 cm long coriaceous. Young stems green herbaceous turning brown and woody K. Arthur 231 Oahu BISH 2025-12-11
11 Coffea liberica Honolulu Semi-shade. Preserved_Specimen Tree, dbh 3, 14'high. Fruits bright. Hirano, R. 5 Oahu BISH 1969-01-01
12 Coffea liberica Maunawili Valley, Maunawili Falls Trail Alien lowland forest. Forming solid stands up to 20 ft. tall, many seedlings noted trailside. Preserved_Specimen Trees thin-trunked, long-branched, gangly. Imada, C. 200011 Oahu BISH 2000-07-22